Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science

Min Whan Koh

20 Articles

Two Cases of Extrapelvic endometriosis following Laparoscopy-assisted vaginal hysterectomy and Cesarean section.: Jei Jun Bae, Mi Sun Lim, Min Whan Koh, Tae Hyung Lee, Mi Jin Kim; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 2007;24(1):91-96. Published online June 30, 2007; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.2007.24.1.91

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Extrapelvic endometriosis is a rare disease. The majority of extrapelvic endometriosis cases involve scar tissue following obstetric and gynecologic procedures. We have treated two cases of extrapelvic incisional endometriosis. A 39 year old female patient with cyclic vaginal spotting after laparoscopic assisted vaginal hysterectomy due to uterine myoma and a 35 year old female patient with a painful palpable abdominal mass after cesarean section. Both underwent complete excision and were proven to have endometriosis by pathology. Here we report on both cases and review the medical literatures.

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A Case of Pleural Endometriosis Presented as Right Sided Hemothorax in a Patient Who Underwent Kidney Transplantation
Eun-Hye Shin, Bo-Mi Shin, Yeon-Jung Ha, Il-Young Jang, Ji-Won Jung, Hyung-Jin Cho, Su-Kil Park
Yeungnam University Journal of Medicine.2013; 30(2): 145. CrossRef

Two Cases of Intravenous Leiomyomatosis of the Uterus.: Jin Hee Kim, Min Whan Koh; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 2006;23(2):213-220. Published online December 31, 2006; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.2006.23.2.213

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Abstract PDF: Intravenous leiomyomatosis of the uterus is a rare tumor that presents with benign histological features. It is characterized by intravenous proliferation of smooth muscle cells originating from the uterus that sometimes extends to the inferior vena cava and the right heart. It may spread elsewhere, usually to the lung. The first case of intravenous leiomyomatosis was described in 1896 by Birsh-Hirshfeld,1) and only a few cases have been reported since then. Its pathogenesis and optimal treatment have not yet been established. We report a case of metastasizing leiomyomatosis found to have multiple nodular densities in both lower lung fields seven months after myomectomy. In another case the leiomyomatosis was confined to the pelvis after a laparoscopy assisted vaginal hysterectomy, the patient is alive without evidence of disease. Here we provide a detailed report of two cases of intravenous leiomyomatosis of the uterus with a brief review of the literature.

A Clinical Usefulness of Office Hysteroscopy.: Min Whan Koh, Tae Hyung Lee, Jeong Suk Kim, Yoon Young Choi, Sang Hoon Jeong; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 2005;22(1):81-89. Published online June 30, 2005; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.2005.22.1.81

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Abstract PDF: BACKGROUND
Hysteroscopy is considered to be the gold standard not only for visualizing the cervical canal and the uterine cavity, but also for treating many different types of benign pathologies localized to those regions. The advent and evolution of endoscopic imaging and surgery during the last two decades has added new dimensions to the armamentarium of a gynecologist to combat intrauterine lesions. Office hysteroscopy is increasingly being used as a first line investigation for abnormal uterine bleeding and other diseases involving the uterine cavity. The aim of our study is to assess the diagnostic and operative efficacy of office hysteroscopy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In our department, 140 patients underwent a hysteroscopy examination and 18 of these underwent an office based hysteroscopy examination from September 1995 to March 2005. The cases who underwent an office based hysteroscopy examination were reviewed in order to assess the clinical usefulness and significance in the management of intrauterine lesions. RESULTS: Major indication was abnormal uterine bleeding (12 cases, 66.7%). The others were a missed IUD and infertility. The hysteroscopic findings were a normal uterine cavity (6 cases, 33.3%), IUD in situ, polyp, submucosal myoma, endometrial hyperplasia and a placenta remnant. CONCLUSION: Office hysteroscopy is a safe, quick and effective method for making an intrauterine evaluation. In addition, it provides immediate results, offers the capacity of direct targeted biopsies of suspicious focal lesions, and offers the direct treatment of some intrauterine conditions.

Laparoscopic Extirpation of the Term Sized Huge Ovarian Cyst.: Min Whan Koh, Hyun Cheol Choo, Oh Jin Kwon, Jeong Sook Kim; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 2004;21(1):108-113. Published online June 30, 2004; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.2004.21.1.108

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Abstract PDF: A 23 years old single nulligravida woman underwent laparoscopic removal of a huge cystic adnexal mass that occupied her entire abdomen, giving the appearance of a full term pregnancy. After anesthesia, a vertical infra-umbilical incision, 1 cm long, was made and a telescope was introduced through the port to determine the status of the intra-abdomen and the surface contour of the mass. A needle tipped with a laparoscopic suction apparatus was inserted into the cyst through the infra-umbilical port, directly under the mass. Subsequently, 3, 200 ml of cystic fluid was aspirated without spillage. A huge cyst, reaching to the level of the xyphoid process was effectively excised through the operative laparoscopy after prelaparoscopic drainage. Operation time was 140 minutes and hospital stay was 2 days. There were no complications during hospital stay and after discharge. It seems the size of the cyst is not a criteria for the contraindication of laparoscopic surgery.

The Prevalence of Urinary Incontinence of The Women in Daegu.: Sung Chul Park, Min Whan Koh, Tae Hyung Lee, Hyeon Sook Youn; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 2004;21(1):60-66. Published online June 30, 2004; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.2004.21.1.60

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BACKGROUND
The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of urinary incontinence and its correlation to the underlying diseases of women in Daegu. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Urinary incontinence questionnaire regarding age, body weight, height, body mass index (BMI), parity, delivery mode, menopausal status, history of hormonal replacement therapy, abortion history, and any underlying diseases were administered from May to November, 2001 to 412 women over 20 who had been randomly selected from the Outpatient Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Yeungnam University. The clinical characteristics of women who experience, and those who do not experience urinary incontinence were compared by means of the Student's t-test for continuous variables and by the Pearson's Chi-square test or Fisher's exact test for categorical variables. A p value of < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS: The mean age of the urinary incontinent group (N=193) was 44.2 years. There was a significant increase in the prevalence of incontinence with the increase of age (p=0.000). The prevalence of urinary incontinence was significantly related to the number of deliveries and the mode of delivery (p=0.007, p=0.001) No significant relationship was demonstrated between urinary incontinence and BMI (body mass index) ; the number of abortions; hormonal status; or any underlying diseases such as thyroid disease, diabetes mellitus, and chronic respiratory disease. Also, most of the urinary incontinent women didn't recognize their incontinence as pathological and consequently, didn't consult a physician. CONCLUSION: Our study indicates that the prevalence of urinary incontinence is significantly correlated to age, parity, and the mode of delivery. Most of the middle-aged women who suffered from urinary incontinence didn't recognize their incontinence a pathological. Those results suggest that women in this age group need more information and more education about urinary incontinence.

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Knowledge and Attitudes About Urinary Incontinence Among Community-Dwelling Korean American Women
Youngmi Kang
Journal of Wound, Ostomy & Continence Nursing.2009; 36(2): 194. CrossRef
Prevalence Rate and Associated Factors of Urinary Incontinence among Nursing Home Residents
Moon-Sil Kim, Seung-Hee Lee
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2008; 38(1): 92. CrossRef
Social and Cultural Construction of Urinary Incontinence among Korean American Elderly Women
Youngmi Kang, Neva L. Crogan
Geriatric Nursing.2008; 29(2): 105. CrossRef

The Efficacy of Biofeedback and Electrical Stimulation by Kontinence HMT2000 in the Treatment of Stress Urinary Incontinence Patients.: Yeun Kyoung Bae, Dae Hyung Lee, Sung Chul Park, Sung Hee Jin, Min Whan Koh, Tae Hyung Lee; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 2003;20(1):36-44. Published online June 30, 2003; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.2003.20.1.36

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BACKGROUND
To evaluate the efficacy of EMG biofeedback and pelvic floor electrical stimulation in the stress urinary incontinence patients by Kontinence HMT2000. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A group of 14 patients with stress urinary incontinence were treated with combined biofeedback and intravaginal electrical stimulation during 12 sessions from 2 weeks to 6 weeks. RESULTS: At immediate post treatment, subjective cure rate was 28% and improvement rate was 57% and failure rate was 15%. Thus the overall success rate for this treatment was 85%. The result of 3 months after treatment showed cure rate 14% and improvement rate was 43%. Intravaginal pressure increased by an average of 11.9 cmH2O. Increased vaginal pressure was found in 93% of the patients and more than 50% increment of intravaginal pressure was 71%. CONCLUSIONS: Combined biofeedback and pelvic floor electrical stimulation by use of Kontinence HMT2000 is effective for the patients who have good compliance, relative low degree stress urinary incontinence. In order to attain good results, a well structured program that teaches specific muscle exercise and the patients should be followed by regular interval reinforcement treatment.

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Effects of Electric Stimulation and Biofeedback for Pelvic Floor Muscle Exercise in Women with Vaginal Rejuvenation Women
Jung Bok Lee, So Young Choi
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2015; 45(5): 713. CrossRef

Vaginal removal of mature cystic teratoma in postmenopausal woman.: Ki Mog Jung, Hyun Woo Lee, Ki Wan Kim, Min Whan Koh; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 2001;18(2):293-296. Published online December 31, 2001; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.2001.18.2.293

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Abstract PDF: Mature cystic teratomas, commonly called dermoid cysts, are the most common benign germ cell tumors of ovary in women of reproductive age. Mature cystic teratoma that constitutes 10-25% of ovarian tumors and 95% of teratoma, is germ cell tumor of the ovary. This occurs frequently in women less than 20 years old, but it can be found upto 10-20% in postmenopausal women. And in women over the age of 50, a mature cystic teratoma is likely to change into malignant form. Traditional surgical methods of mature cystic teratoma treatment include transabdominal cystectomy, oophorectomy, hysterectomy and(or) bilateral salphingooophorectomy. Recently laparoscopic approach replaces transabdominal surgeries in many cases. Vaginal removal of mature cystic teratoma is unique and rare. Compared with laparotomy, transvaginal approach is characterized by shorter hospital stay and lower morbidity rate. Compared with laparoscopic operation, transvaginal approach has advantages of no visible operative scar and lower intra-operative tumor spillage. The decision for surgical methods is related with patients' situations and surgeon's preference. We report 1 case of vaginal removal of mature cystic teratoma as a part of vaginal hysterectomy in old age patient.

The Clitoral Size of the Korean Female Newborn.: Suk Yong Won, Min Whan Koh, Tae Hyung Lee, Mi Jung Eun, Jung Sook Kim, Ok Kyung Kim; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 2001;18(2):287-292. Published online December 31, 2001; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.2001.18.2.287

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BACKGROUND
To determine mean clitoral and glans size of Korean female newborn. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The size of glans and clitoris of 68 Korean female newborns born at Yeungnam University Medical Center were measured from May in 1999 to August in 1999. RESULTS: The mean size of the 68 newborns were 2.38+/-1.14 mm in glans length, 2.55+/-1.48 mm in glans width and 4.66+/-1.93 mm in clitoral length. In the premature infants the mean clitoral size was 1.92+/-1.58 mm in glans length, 1.78+/-1.24 mm in glans width and 3.86+/-2.16 mm in clitoral length. In the full term infants 2.53+/-1.12 mm in glans length, 2.75+/-1.58 mm in glans width and 4.94+/-1.89 mm in clitoral length. In low birth weight infants clitoral size was measured 1.55+/-1.10 mm in glans length, 2.04+/-2.03 mm in glans width and 3.29+/-1.87 mm in clitoral length. In normal birth weight infants 2.53+/-1.13 mm in glans length, 2.68+/-1.48 mm in glans width and 4.92+/-1.91 mm in clitoral length. In high birth weight infants 1.54+/-0.50 mm in glans length, 1.63+/-0.53 mm in glans width and 3.18+/-1.04 mm in clitoral length. CONCLUSION: There was no significant correlation between gestational age and clitoral size or glans size, but significant negative correlation was found between birth weight and clitoral size or glans size.

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Reference values for penile and clitoral lengths of healthy term Egyptian newborn infants
Magda Badawy, Lubna A Fawaz, Hend Abd El Baky, Amr Elkhashab, Ahmed A Hussein, Marwa F Mira
Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health.2022; 58(1): 157. CrossRef
The role of androgens in clitorophallus development and possible applications to transgender patients
Frances Grimstad, Elizabeth R. Boskey, Amir Taghinia, Carlos R. Estrada, Oren Ganor
Andrology.2021; 9(6): 1719. CrossRef
Country‐based reference values and international comparisons of clitoral size in healthy Nigerian newborn infants
Olumide Olatokunbo Jarrett, Omolola Ouwakemi Ayoola, Björn Jonsson, Kerstin Albertsson‐Wikland, Martin Ritzen
Acta Paediatrica.2015; 104(12): 1286. CrossRef

A case of Adnexal Torsion in Pregnancy.: Kwang Young Hwang, Kyung Sook Jeon, Bong Gyu Lee, Eun Ji Lee, Tae Hyung Lee, Min Whan Koh; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 1999;16(1):137-140. Published online June 30, 1999; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.1999.16.1.137

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Abstract PDF: Adnexal torsion is not a common surgical emergency in Obstetrics and Gynecology. and is not observed frequently during pregnancy with its incidence being one out of about 5,000 pregnancies: Pregnancy is a factor that encourages torsion. The traditional treatment for ischemic and twisted adnexa consists of oophorectomy or salpingo-oophorectomy. with early diagnosis, a conservative approach is recommended in cases of young women to assure future fertility. with a brief review ofliterature, we report a case of unilateral salphingo-oophorectomy during pregnancy due to adnexal torsion with the delivery of a normal baby.

Delayed Resolution of Cervical Lesion of Ectopic Pregnancy Treated by Intra-amnionic Methotrexate(MTX) Instillation: A Case Report.: Kuk Sun Han, Tae Kee Jang, Kang Hyok Lee, Min Whan Koh, Tae Hyung Lee; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 1999;16(1):131-136. Published online June 30, 1999; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.1999.16.1.131

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The Preventive Effect of Antenatal Administration of Ambroxol on the Neonatal Respiratory Distress Syndrome.: Eun Sil Lee, Kyung Ah Kim, Son Moon Shin, Min Whan Koh, Tae Hyung Lee; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 1999;16(1):52-59. Published online June 30, 1999; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.1999.16.1.52

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Abstract PDF: This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of antenatal ambroxol administration to the mothers who were imminent preterm delivery on preventing the neonatal respiratory distress syndrome. Forty-two preterm newborn infants who were delivered at Yeungnam University Hospital from January 1996 to December 1997 were divided into two groups, twenty-one ambroxol-treated group and twenty-one control group. Six cases of respiratory distress syndromes developed from 21 ambroxol-treated infants. but thirteen cases of RDS developed from 21 control infants. It indicated significant reduction of occurrence of RDS by antenatal administration of ambroxol (p<0.05). There were no differences in the occurrence of adverse effects of ambroxol in mothers between two groups, ambroxol-treated and control groups. There was also no difference between pre- and post-treatment hematologic and biochemical parameters in ambroxol-treated group. In conclusion, when premature delivery is expected, administration of ambroxol before delivery enhances lung maturation in premature newborn infants and prevents the occurrence of respiratory distress syndromes without significant adverse effects.

New Spectra in Female Sexology in Korea.: Min Whan Koh; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 1999;16(1):10-14. Published online June 30, 1999; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.1999.16.1.10

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Abstract PDF: The World Association for Sexology (WAS) will adopt a Declaration of Sexual Right as basic and fundamental human lights August this year in Hong Kong. Two years ago WAS has been developing a declaration of Sexual Rights in order to further promote sexual health and protect the sexual rights of everyone. Undoubtedly sexuality is one of the most intriguing subject in the area of human behavior abd psychology, and has been so since antiquity. The influence of sexual factors of human on all aspects of the society has been immense. The varieties of marriage, from traditional to the open marriage model are presented in front of our sight. The influences of women's movement in Korea, which has produced sexual, psychological, economic, political, familial and social changes look so small and the changes are not that much in America. But the profound effects of the woman's movement affect on Korean society being realized as man's view of woman and woman's view of herself undergo constant change and revaluation. With increased sexual awareness on the part of the public owing to mass media, for example AH-U-SEONG aired in TV and with increased emphasis on sexual matters in daily life, more and more physicians are being asked to deal with and manage sex-related problems in thei daily practice. Yet, despite the obvious need for informed sexual counseling, doctors are often uncomfortable about sexual matters and many physicians have no special expertise in this area. So physicians concerned in sexology especially such as gynecologists, urologists, psychiatrists and endocrinologists must realize well about sex-related knowledge which is needed for counseling the patient as medical consumer and gap between reality and ideality in sexual diagnosis and treatment. Establishment of management system for the people who have sexual problems is strongly needed to promote sexual health and protect the sexual rights of everyone and for the Sexual Rights as basic and fundamental human rights.

Two Cases of Combined Pregnancy Following IVF-ET.: Kyung Ah Lee, Yang Soo Kwak, Kuk Sun Han, Min Whan Koh, Tae Hyung Lee; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 1997;14(1):262-268. Published online June 30, 1997; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.1997.14.1.262

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Abstract PDF: Combined intrauterine and ectopic (heterotopic) pregnancy occurs in approximately 1 in 30,000 spontaneous gestations. Heterotopic gestations are increased in women who have had reconstructive pelvic surgery, Pelvic inflammatory disease and artificial ovarian hyperstimulation. Patients who require assisted reproductive technologies, such as in vitro fertilization / embryo transfer and gamete intrafallopian transfer, also have an increased risk of a heterotopic pregnancy. We experienced two cases of combined pregnancy following IVF-ET. Following is a report of these cases with a brief review of references.

Successful Live Birth of Woman with Antiphospholipid Syndrome.: Ho Yeul Lee, Jung Ho Seo, Sang Won Lee, Young Gi Lee, Min Whan Koh, Tae Hyung Lee; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 1996;13(1):141-145. Published online June 30, 1996; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.1996.13.1.141

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Abstract PDF: The antiphospholipid antibodies are characterized by prolonged phospholipid-dependent coagulation test (known as APTT or Russel viper venom), thrombosis, thrombocytopenia, and fetal loss. The association of antiphospholipid antibodies with one or more of these characteristic clinical features has been termed the i antiphospholipid syndrome. We have experienced a case of successful live birth after treated a woman with heparin and aspirin who has experienced spontaneous abortion four times with antiphospholipid antibodies and present it with the review of literature.

Hematologic Status of Newborn Infants of Mother with Pregnancy-induced Hypertension: Doo Jin Lee, Min Whan Koh, Sung Ho Lee; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 1994;11(2):352-362. Published online December 31, 1994; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.1994.11.2.352

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Abstract PDF: To evaluate the effects of pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH) to the iron status of fetuses, umbilical cord blood of 35 newborn borne by PIH mothers and of 37 normal term infants delivered at Yeungnam University Hospital from September 1, 1993 to September 30, 1994, were studied. The serum hemoglobin concentration of women with PIH was significantly higher than normal full-term pregnant women. There was no significant difference in serum hemoglobin concetration between women with PIH and normal full-term pregnant women and their newborn infants. There was no significant difference in serum hemoglobin concentration between infants iof women with PIH and normal full-term infants. The serum iron concentration of newborn infants of women with PIH was higher and the serum ferritin concentration of newborn infants of women with PIH was lower than normal full-term infants, but there were no significant difference between the two groups. The serum total iron-binding capactity and unsaturated iron-binding capacity of infants of women with PIH were significantly higher than normal full-term infants. The newborn infants of PIH women seemed that they might have occult depletion of iron store and need meticulous follow up during early neonatal period.

A case of meigs' syndrome occured in pregnancy.: Dae Hyun Cho, Sang Heon Kim, Min Whan Koh, Tae Hyung Lee, Sung Ho Lee; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 1992;9(1):197-202. Published online June 30, 1992; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.1992.9.1.197

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Abstract PDF: Meigs' syndrome consists of an ovarian fibroma, or fibroma-like benign tumor, associated with fluid in both abdomen and chest. Characteristically, the ascites and hydrothorax disappeared and do not recurred following removal of the ovarian tumor. The authors presented a case of Meigs' syndrome that was cured by surgical removal of ovarian tumor and resulted in normal pregnancy outcome in 27-year-old pregnant woman with a brief review of literatures.

Study of pH and gas analysis of umbilical arterial blood and apgar score as indicators of newborn health.: Dae Hyun Cho, Mi Na Lee, Min Whan Koh, Tae Hyung Lee, Sung Ho Lee; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 1991;8(1):98-106. Published online June 30, 1991; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.1991.8.1.98

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Apgar score is most widely used evaluating indicator of newborn health, but it is very subjective. Umbilical cord blood gas analysis is more objective and effective than Apgar score in evaluation of newborn status. Cord blood gas was changed slightly by processing of time after fetal birth. This study was undertaken to observe objectiveness and effectiveness of umbilical arterial blood gas analysis and effects of time interval of cord clamping to newborn health with 122 pregnant women and their babies. We observed following results: 1. There were poor correlation between Apgar score and umbilical cord arterial blood analysis in evaluating of newborn health (P>0.05). 2. There was no clinical significance of Apgar score or umbilical arterial blood gas analysis as single indicator in evaluating of newborn health (P>0.05). 3. Gas analysis and pH of umbilical arterial blood was more helpful in evaluating of newborn health than Apgar score. 4. There were no significant effects of time interval of umbilical cord clamping to newborn health. 5. If there were no indications of early umbilical cord clamping, cord blood sampling at immediately after birth without cord clamping was more effective to evaluate newborn status.

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Assessment of the Value of the Umbilical Cord Blood Gas Parameter as Indicator of the Neonatal Condition
Jeong Min Lee, Hoon Bum Shin, Young Bae Choi, Na Mi Lee, Dae Yong Yi, Sin Weon Yun, Soo Ahn Chae, In Seok Lim
Perinatology.2018; 29(1): 8. CrossRef

Autologous Transfusion in Pregnant Women with Significant Risk for Hemorrhage.: Gee Deuk Kim, Chul Suong Bae, Yoon Kee Park, Jong Wook Kim, Min Whan Koh, Sung Ho Lee; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 1990;7(1):95-103. Published online June 30, 1990; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.1990.7.1.95

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Abstract PDF: Autologous Transfusion, storage of one's own blood for subsequent infusion if needed, is safe and effective in a variety of scheduled operative procedures. Obstetric involvement in such programs in very limited, however, because of concern over the possibility of inducing premature labor or causing fetal distress by blood volume change or vasovagal reactions. We describe our experience with pregnant women in this program. The incidence of vagovagal reactions of autologous donation was 9.5% (2.21). After entry into this program, 17pastients received a total 37pints, which consist of 19 Autologous and 18 Homologous. Homologous transfusion was avoided in 30% of patients receiving blood. The values of the mean hematocrits before and after hpebotomy were 34.1% and 31.8% respectively. It was stastically significant (p<0.01). We recommended that autologous blood donation by pregnant women in third trimester is safe for mothers or infants and it should be strongly encouraged for patient with placenta previa and repeated cesarean section.

Diagnostic Values of pH of Vaginal Discharge, Amine Test, and Microscopic Examination of Infectious Vaginitis.: Jae Dong Choi, Gi Duk Kim, Min Whan Koh, Tae Hyung Lee, Wun Yong Chung; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 1988;5(2):129-139. Published online December 31, 1988; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.1988.5.2.129

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Abstract PDF: Vaginitis is one of the most common disease in gynecologic field in recent days. About 90% of these patients suffer from the infection of the vagina caused by Gardnerella vaginalis, Candida, or Trichomonas, either alone or in combination. For the effective diagnosis and management, it is essential to get an accurate identification of the causative agent. Applying simple and easy diagnostic methods such as pH of vaginal discharge, amine test and microscopic examination of wet mount preparation of normal saline and 10% KOH to 549 cases of randomly selected patients visiting Out-patient Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Yeungnam University Hospital through May 1st to Sept. 31st, 1987, the following results were obtained. 1. In the Gardnerella vaginitis vaginal pH was more than 5.0 in 81.0% of total cases, positive amine test in 62.8%, decreased lactobacilli in 77.4% & decreased WBC counts in 70.1%, In the Trichomonas vaginitis vaginal pH more than 5.0 was noted in 93.3% of the cases, negative amine test in 90%, decreased showed vaginal pH of 3.0~4.0 in 83.2%, negative amine test in 90%, decreased lactobacilli in 90% & increased WBC counts in 93.3%, whereas Candida vaginitis and normal groups showed vaginal pH of 3.0~4.0 in 83.2%, negative amine test in 100%, normal distribution of lactobacilli in 89.7%, normal WBC counts in 72.4%. 2. The accuracy rates of physical diagnosis by wet mount preparation of normal saline and 10% KOH revealed 26.3%, 47.5%, 70.0% in Gardnerella vaginitis, Candida vaginitis, and Trichomonas vaginitis, respectively. The vaginal pH and amine test showed 83.2% of accuracy rate in Candida vaginitis group, 60.6% in Gardnerella vaginitis group and 83.3% in Trichomonas vaginitis group. 3. In 23 cases of Gardnerella vaginitis showing vaginal pH of 3.0 or 4.0 and positive amine test, the clue cells were observed in 10% or less in 12 cases, 30% in 5 cases, 50% in 4 cases and 50% or more in 2 cases. In summary vaginal pH and amine test could be useful in screening and differentiating the different types of infectious vaginitis. Furthermore by adding microscopic examination of normal saline and 10% KOH wet mount preparation to them, they not only could obtain higher diagnostic accuracy rate but would be more valuable in selecting the patients requiring cultures to confirm the diagnoses.

Liver Disease in Pregnancy.: Sung Ho Lee, Min Whan Koh; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 1988;5(2):9-24. Published online December 31, 1988; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.1988.5.2.9

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Abstract PDF: No abstract available.

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